International Journal of Terrestrial Heat Flow and Applied Geothermics

Jorge Luiz dos Santos Gomes — 2023-05-15

General Layout

Editorial to the sixth issue of “International Journal of Terrestrial Heat Flow and Applied Geothermics”

Suze Nei Pereira Guimarães — 2023-05-15

Editorial to the sixth issue of “International Journal of Terrestrial Heat Flow and Applied Geothermics”.

Diurnal Variations in Vegetation Activity affecting Shallow Groundwater Flow identified by Microthermal Measurements

Maria de Fatima Santos Pinheiro — 2023-05-15

Observations of summer microthermal temperature variations suggest, next to hydrological factors, a significant influence of plant activity on groundwater flow in fractured claystone materials. Variations in groundwater microtemperature were compared to variations in meteorological parameters and electrical potential of plants. With an increase in surface temperature, relative air humidity decreases and an increase in tree electrical potential, measured as the difference between the northern and the southern stem exposure (N–S), can be observed. This increase in electrical potential is concomitant with a change in groundwater temperature of approximately 2 mK. This relationship does not always occur. At high temperatures (+30°C) the decrease amounts to just 1 mK. This fact is related to the change in transpiration of plants, decreased or even suspended at high surface temperatures. A frequency analysis of all data showed a daily frequency of high magnitude in all parameters. Possibly changes in the macro weather situation events were observed in the results of atmospheric pressure, southern electric potential and groundwater temperature. The lag time between changes in electric potential and subsurface microtemperature changes amounts to 17 hours, possibly a result of the electrical potential difference between the northern and the southern exposure of the stem (N–S), and 5 hours, the result of the change in electrical potential difference between the southern and the northern stem exposure side (S–N). A comparison between potential changes and the computed change in gravity resulting from earth tidal effects showed that the correlation between the subsurface temperature variation with up to 2 mK and the change in surface temperature variation does not match directly. Other study shows that the impact of earth tides on subsurface microtemperature variation amounts to ca. 1mK. The effect of groundwater abstraction by mature vegetation is determined at the same range. Atmospheric tides can be correlated with the changes in north and south electric potentials.

Geothermal Resources of European Continent: A Regional Assessment

Fábio Pinto Vieira — 2023-05-15

A regional assessment of geothermal resources of the continental region of Europe is attempted in the present work. It is based on results of observational data on heat transfer by conduction as well as hydrothermal and magmatic processes in the upper crust and makes use of geothermal data reported at the website of IHFC and also estimates based on available information on occurrences thermal springs and volcanic events. The resource assessment has been carried out for 8109 sites distributed in 39 countries. These datasets were reevaluated and spatially gridded using kigrid interpolation to construction of regional distribution maps of geothermal resources and interpreted on the basis of available information on tectonic setting and geological characteristics. The estimates for volcanic areas are based on a modified method of magmatic heat budget (MHB). has been employed in deriving estimates of geothermal resources in areas of recent volcanic activity. According to results obtained the total resource base (RB) at 6km on depth is estimated to be 8.653.306 ± 7 GJ. The mean resource base per unit area (RBUA) is ~ 985 GJ. The prominent features in geothermal maps are the presence of localities with significantly high values of resource base greater than 2000 GJ in countries such as Russia, Italy, Iceland, and west Norway. In addition, vertical distributions of temperatures were calculated in for depths reaching down to 6 km. The results obtained indicate potential availability of high temperature resources in vast regions of the European continent.

Use of Modified Tikhonov Regularization in Analysis of Ground Surface Temperature Variations

Fernando Silva Dias — 2023-05-15

Inversion techniques employed in geothermal studies of ground surface temperature (GST) changes are known to have problems of instability and non-uniqueness in numerical solutions. In the present work it is pointed out that some of these difficulties can be overcome through the use of a method based on Tikhonov regularization of order one which imposes smoothing of main parameters. A major disadvantage of this approach is obliteration of weak thermal signals usually present at larger depths at the expense of strong ones present at relatively shallow depths. In the present work we consider a convenient way of minimizing this problem using a method based on Tikhonov regularization of order one. In this approach residuals of observational data are minimized by imposing constraints on the variations of smoothing parameters, that is controlled by the magnitude of regularization coefficients. This is accomplished in two stages of inversion. In the first stage we seek an estimation of the dates of climate events derived from results of temperature logs. Inversion of the second stage allows estimation of the magnitudes of GST variations that are compatible with the ages of climate events of the first stage. The advantage is in finding better solutions without introducing other artefacts on the climate history. Such two-stage Tikhonov regularization procedures has been employed for extracting complementary information on GST history in continental regions of Brazil. The results reveal that the main warming event of the last century has been preceded by several secondary events during the time period of 1400 to the 2000 A.D.

Thermomineral Waters as Curative Properties in Yalama-Nabran Resort Zone of Azerbaijan

Sakhavat Salakhov — 2023-05-15

The article deals with the natural healing resources of the thermomineral waters of the Yalama-Nabran zone. The relevance of the work is determined by the presence of huge reserves of medicinal waters with a rich microelement composition for internal and external use. The characteristic of thermomineral waters of the studied region is given. The increased content of bromine, boron and other microcomponents in these waters, as well as the high temperature, make it possible for them to be widely and effectively used as a balneotherapeutic factor for therapeutic and prophylactic purposes.

Memories of Professor Seiya Uyeda (1929 –2023)

Valiya Mannathal Hamza — 2023-05-15

UYEDA, Seiya was born on November 28, 1929 in Tokyo, Japan. He served initially as professor of geophysics at the Tokyo University until retiring in 1990. After this actuated in the Tokai University until 2008. During this period, he was a visiting scientist or professor at US and Europe as in Cambridge, Oxford, Stanford, California (UCSD), Columbia (LDGO), Pierre et Marie Curie and Texas A&M universities, and Massachusetts (MIT) and California (Caltech) Institutes of Technology. His research covered rock magnetism, marine and land terrestrial heat flow, plate tectonics, geodynamics of subduction zone/island arcs, and earthquake prediction by seismic-electromagnetic methods. He has served for international projects and organizations, such as International Geodynamics (GDP) and Ocean Drilling (IODP), International Unions of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG) and Geological Sciences (IUGS). He has been conferred an Honorary Doctor of Philosophy from the University of Athens, and foreign membership of United States National Academy of Sciences, American Academy of Arts and Sciences, and Russian Academy of Sciences. These his many published scientific works he ended up receiving two awards throughout his career: Alexander Agassiz Medal, in 1972 and Walter H. Bucher Medal, in 1991.

Memories of David S. Chapman (1929 –2023)

Suze Nei Pereira Guimarães — 2023-05-15

CHAPMAN, D.S. was born on August 31, 1942 on Vancouver, Canada. Son of Margaret and Harry Chapman and part of a large family with 4 more siblings. Married with Inga Hahn, who know at University British Columbia. David Chapman passed away unexpectedly on 10 March in Vancouver, British Columbia. Dave was an extraordinary researcher, teacher, mentor, and administrator. He loved to demonstrate what could be accomplished using the back of an envelope, a pencil, and a little brainpower. His research in geophysics spanned the globe, using measurements of temperature to understand topics from plate tectonics to climate change. His teaching, from equations on napkins discussed during coffee breaks to his classroom demonstrations to his exemplary example of ethical behavior, left an indelible mark on thousands of students and colleagues around the world. As Dean of the Graduate School he engineered changes to programs to the benefit of all students. We all will miss Dave and his ever upbeat attitude towards problems large and small. In honor him, the UTAH University create the Chapman Found supports unique educational and research opportunities for both graduate and undergraduate students. He receive too the Rosenblatt Prize at UTAH University.

International Journal of Terrestrial Heat Flow and Applied Geothermics

Contents

Editorial to the sixth issue of “International Journal of Terrestrial Heat Flow and Applied Geothermics”

Diurnal Variations in Vegetation Activity affecting Shallow Groundwater Flow identified by Microthermal Measurements

Geothermal Resources of European Continent: A Regional Assessment

Use of Modified Tikhonov Regularization in Analysis of Ground Surface Temperature Variations

Thermomineral Waters as Curative Properties in Yalama-Nabran Resort Zone of Azerbaijan

Memories of Professor Seiya Uyeda (1929 –2023)

Memories of David S. Chapman (1929 –2023)